찾기 | khartasia

Langue:

섬유 식별 요소들

Fibre type	Bast fiber.
Average fibre lenght	5mm
Average fibre width	21μm
Fibre ends	Very variable, tapering rounded.
Striations, cross-markings, flexion creases	Faint crossmarkings.
Associated cells	Often present. Pitted vessel elements and parenchyma cells. Presence of cratered vessels larger than those of flax, but similar to hemp.
Special features	Short fibers. Irregularly shaped fiber ends and walls lumen. Looks like woodpulp (vessels) and straw pulp. Transverse shape: square or rectangular.
Herzberg staining	Blue.
Graff 'C' staining	Fiber in yellow with blue or green lumen.

Botanical classification

Hibiscus cannabinus L.

목:

Malvales

과:

Malvaceae

동의어:

Abelmoschus verrucosus (Guill. & Perr.) Walp.

Furcaria cavanillesii Kostel.

Hibiscus unidens Lindl.

Hibiscus verrucosus Guill. & Perr.

Ketmia glandulosa Moench

식물의 성장 영역

Native to Africa and India.

Cultivated in China (Guangdong, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Yunnan, Zhejiang), India, East-Asia, East Africa.

제지에서의 사용 범위

China, India, Japan, Korea.

식물 재배 및 사용에 관한 일반성

Hibiscus cannabinus is an annual herb which can reach more than 3 m high. The flowers are pale yellow or red with crimson centres. Blooming occurs from summer to autumn. Its growth is rapid; the plant can reach over four feet in four months.

Kenaf was grown in Egypt a millennium BC for making ropes and cloth (bags, sails).

The plant is grown all over Asia, mainly as fiber crop and for its oil which is used industrially. The fibers are used in the manufacture of coarse fabrics such as carpets.

Kenaf is used in India for the manufacture of cigarette paper. The rapid growth of the plant encourages papermakers to use it instead of wood in the production of paper pulp. Thus, the bast fibers or the whole stem itself are used.

일본:

Kenaf is a modern paper fiber in Japan.

제지를 위한 준비 방법

The harvest takes place in November-December when the stem has lost its leaves.

종이 명칭

In Asia and particularly in China, Korea and Japan, the papers are intended for a wide range of use: Papers for calligraphy and art, Papers for ceremonies, Paper as a medium of exchange, money paper, Papers for making clothes, wall hangings and bedding, Papers for architecture, interior design, Papers for crafts of various kinds, for domestic purposes and leisure. The names assigned to the paper refers to different notions: The material used, The place of production, The method of production, Appearance, Dimensions, Use, The name of an artist or a studio etc.

식물의 이용 부위:

Stem

제지에서의 사용:

Fiber

Dalbergia hupeana Hance © Plantillustrations

Dalbergia hupeana Hance © CFH Nature Museum

섬유 식별 요소들

Fibre type
Average fibre lenght
Average fibre width
Fibre ends
Striations, cross-markings, flexion creases
Associated cells
Special features
Herzberg staining
Graff 'C' staining

Botanical classification

Dalbergia hupeana Hance

목:

Fabales

과:

Fabaceae

동의어:

Dalbergia hupeana var. bauhiniifolia Pamp.

Dalbergia sacerdotum Prain

식물의 성장 영역

Endemic in China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang).

Grows in forests, on mountain slopes, by streams, between 800 to 1400 m.

제지에서의 사용 범위

China.

식물 재배 및 사용에 관한 일반성

Dalbergia hupeana is a tree, 10-20 m tall. There are some hundreds species of Dalbergia which are exploited for their hardwood and essential oils they contain. These oils confer them insecticides and medicinal properties (antiphlogistic).

중국:

Hardwood tree that grew first in the department of Xuanzheng (Anhui).

The bark of sandalwood called tanpi was the main material for manufacturing Xuan paper.

During the Later Han Dynasty, it would be discovered by accident that it could be used to make paper.

제지를 위한 준비 방법

Chine:

The tree is cut during the winter and cut into pieces. These pieces are placed in a steamer and the bark is peeled. It is washed with water and then mixed with lime for 10 or 20 days. When the bark is half softened, it was beaten with a foot hammer or a water wheel grinder. The beating is repeated 3 or 4 times to get the right consistency and the pulp can be used to form the sheets.

종이 명칭

The names assigned to the paper refers to different notions: The material used, The place of production, The method of production, Appearance, Dimensions, Use, The name of an artist or a studio etc.

China:

Suffixes zhi or chih = paper.

In China, unlike Korea and Japan, papers made with paper mulberry fibers are not prominent, the production of paper from bamboo fiber being the most important.

일본:

Suffixes kami, gami, shi = paper.

In Japan kozo papers are the most numerous.

식물의 이용 부위:

Bark

제지에서의 사용:

Fiber

Dye

Langue:

Chinese

지역 표기:

戎葵

Botanical classification

Alcea rosea L.

목:

Malvales

과:

Malvaceae

동의어:

Althaea rosea (L.) Cav.

Althaea rosea var. sinensis (Cav.) S. Y. Hu

Althaea sinensis Cav.

식물의 성장 영역

Not known in the wild but believed to have originated in China or from the tropical areas of South-East Asia.

Widely cultivated as an ornamental. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan), Pakistan, Taiwan.

제지에서의 사용 범위

China, Korea, Japan.

식물 재배 및 사용에 관한 일반성

Biennial or perennial herb up to 2 to 3m high, cultivated as an ornamental. It is in flower from July to September. The flowers have colors ranging from white through pink and dark red to black.The purple flowers provide purple and blue-violet dyes.

The dying components are anthocyanidols: cyanidol, delphinidol, malvidin. The leaves contain a green dye and the flowers, a red one.

The dye was used to dye silk, wool, cotton and hides.

The roots and the flowers are used in Tibetan medicine: flowers and root are demulcent, diuretic and astringent.

The plant has also nutritional properties: the young leaves are eatable; a nutritious starch is obtained from the root and a tea is made from the flower petals.

중국:

It is mainly used for its medicinal properties. It is used to dye ceremony papers and cards of scholars.

일본:

Used as dye for fabrics.

한국:

Used as dye for fabrics.

제지를 위한 준비 방법

Using alum and tartar mordants allow a range of colors from blue to purple. Iron gives very dark red, almost black.

Chine:

The flowers are harvested when they are opened and are dried for later use. The dye is extracted from the petals. The petals can be used either fresh or dried.

일본:

Dyeing is performed in two ways: pulp dyeing (sukizome) or sheet dyeing (hitashizome by dipping or hikizome by brushing).

To dye paper by soaking, the sheets are plucked one by one between two wooden sticks by the small side. This will keep the sheet flat during soaking.

한국:

The papers are dyed in three ways: dyeing of the pulp (Seonyeombeop), dyeing of the sheet by dipping, brushing and spraying (Huyeombeop ), combination of the both methods (Honyeombeop). Then the paper can be hammered.

종이 명칭

China:

Suffixes zhi or chih = paper.

In China, unlike Korea and Japan, papers made with paper mulberry fibers are not prominent, the production of paper from bamboo fiber being the most important.

식물의 이용 부위:

Leaf

Flower

제지에서의 사용:

Dye

Langue:

Japanese

지역 표기:

たちあおい

立葵

タチアオイ

Botanical classification

Alcea rosea L.

목:

Malvales

과:

Malvaceae

동의어:

Althaea rosea (L.) Cav.

Althaea rosea var. sinensis (Cav.) S. Y. Hu

Althaea sinensis Cav.

식물의 성장 영역

Not known in the wild but believed to have originated in China or from the tropical areas of South-East Asia.

Widely cultivated as an ornamental. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan), Pakistan, Taiwan.

제지에서의 사용 범위

China, Korea, Japan.

식물 재배 및 사용에 관한 일반성

The dying components are anthocyanidols: cyanidol, delphinidol, malvidin. The leaves contain a green dye and the flowers, a red one.

The dye was used to dye silk, wool, cotton and hides.

The roots and the flowers are used in Tibetan medicine: flowers and root are demulcent, diuretic and astringent.

The plant has also nutritional properties: the young leaves are eatable; a nutritious starch is obtained from the root and a tea is made from the flower petals.

중국:

It is mainly used for its medicinal properties. It is used to dye ceremony papers and cards of scholars.

일본:

Used as dye for fabrics.

한국:

Used as dye for fabrics.

제지를 위한 준비 방법

Using alum and tartar mordants allow a range of colors from blue to purple. Iron gives very dark red, almost black.

Chine:

The flowers are harvested when they are opened and are dried for later use. The dye is extracted from the petals. The petals can be used either fresh or dried.

일본:

Dyeing is performed in two ways: pulp dyeing (sukizome) or sheet dyeing (hitashizome by dipping or hikizome by brushing).

To dye paper by soaking, the sheets are plucked one by one between two wooden sticks by the small side. This will keep the sheet flat during soaking.

한국:

종이 명칭

China:

Suffixes zhi or chih = paper.

In China, unlike Korea and Japan, papers made with paper mulberry fibers are not prominent, the production of paper from bamboo fiber being the most important.

식물의 이용 부위:

Leaf

Flower

제지에서의 사용:

Dye

Langue:

English

Botanical classification

Alcea rosea L.

목:

Malvales

과:

Malvaceae

동의어:

Althaea rosea (L.) Cav.

Althaea rosea var. sinensis (Cav.) S. Y. Hu

Althaea sinensis Cav.

식물의 성장 영역

Not known in the wild but believed to have originated in China or from the tropical areas of South-East Asia.

Widely cultivated as an ornamental. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan), Pakistan, Taiwan.

제지에서의 사용 범위

China, Korea, Japan.

식물 재배 및 사용에 관한 일반성

The dying components are anthocyanidols: cyanidol, delphinidol, malvidin. The leaves contain a green dye and the flowers, a red one.

The dye was used to dye silk, wool, cotton and hides.

The roots and the flowers are used in Tibetan medicine: flowers and root are demulcent, diuretic and astringent.

The plant has also nutritional properties: the young leaves are eatable; a nutritious starch is obtained from the root and a tea is made from the flower petals.

중국:

It is mainly used for its medicinal properties. It is used to dye ceremony papers and cards of scholars.

일본:

Used as dye for fabrics.

한국:

Used as dye for fabrics.

제지를 위한 준비 방법

Using alum and tartar mordants allow a range of colors from blue to purple. Iron gives very dark red, almost black.

Chine:

The flowers are harvested when they are opened and are dried for later use. The dye is extracted from the petals. The petals can be used either fresh or dried.

일본:

Dyeing is performed in two ways: pulp dyeing (sukizome) or sheet dyeing (hitashizome by dipping or hikizome by brushing).

To dye paper by soaking, the sheets are plucked one by one between two wooden sticks by the small side. This will keep the sheet flat during soaking.

한국:

종이 명칭

China:

Suffixes zhi or chih = paper.

In China, unlike Korea and Japan, papers made with paper mulberry fibers are not prominent, the production of paper from bamboo fiber being the most important.

식물의 이용 부위:

Leaf

Flower

제지에서의 사용:

Dye

Langue:

Japanese

지역 표기:

戎葵

Botanical classification

Alcea rosea L.

목:

Malvales

과:

Malvaceae

동의어:

Althaea rosea (L.) Cav.

Althaea rosea var. sinensis (Cav.) S. Y. Hu

Althaea sinensis Cav.

식물의 성장 영역

Not known in the wild but believed to have originated in China or from the tropical areas of South-East Asia.

Widely cultivated as an ornamental. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan), Pakistan, Taiwan.

제지에서의 사용 범위

China, Korea, Japan.

식물 재배 및 사용에 관한 일반성

The dying components are anthocyanidols: cyanidol, delphinidol, malvidin. The leaves contain a green dye and the flowers, a red one.

The dye was used to dye silk, wool, cotton and hides.

The roots and the flowers are used in Tibetan medicine: flowers and root are demulcent, diuretic and astringent.

The plant has also nutritional properties: the young leaves are eatable; a nutritious starch is obtained from the root and a tea is made from the flower petals.

중국:

It is mainly used for its medicinal properties. It is used to dye ceremony papers and cards of scholars.

일본:

Used as dye for fabrics.

한국:

Used as dye for fabrics.

제지를 위한 준비 방법

Using alum and tartar mordants allow a range of colors from blue to purple. Iron gives very dark red, almost black.

Chine:

The flowers are harvested when they are opened and are dried for later use. The dye is extracted from the petals. The petals can be used either fresh or dried.

일본:

Dyeing is performed in two ways: pulp dyeing (sukizome) or sheet dyeing (hitashizome by dipping or hikizome by brushing).

To dye paper by soaking, the sheets are plucked one by one between two wooden sticks by the small side. This will keep the sheet flat during soaking.

한국:

종이 명칭

China:

Suffixes zhi or chih = paper.

In China, unlike Korea and Japan, papers made with paper mulberry fibers are not prominent, the production of paper from bamboo fiber being the most important.

식물의 이용 부위:

Leaf

Flower

제지에서의 사용:

Dye

Langue:

Japanese

지역 표기:

蜀葵

Botanical classification

Alcea rosea L.

목:

Malvales

과:

Malvaceae

동의어:

Althaea rosea (L.) Cav.

Althaea rosea var. sinensis (Cav.) S. Y. Hu

Althaea sinensis Cav.

식물의 성장 영역

Not known in the wild but believed to have originated in China or from the tropical areas of South-East Asia.

Widely cultivated as an ornamental. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan), Pakistan, Taiwan.

제지에서의 사용 범위

China, Korea, Japan.

식물 재배 및 사용에 관한 일반성

The dying components are anthocyanidols: cyanidol, delphinidol, malvidin. The leaves contain a green dye and the flowers, a red one.

The dye was used to dye silk, wool, cotton and hides.

The roots and the flowers are used in Tibetan medicine: flowers and root are demulcent, diuretic and astringent.

The plant has also nutritional properties: the young leaves are eatable; a nutritious starch is obtained from the root and a tea is made from the flower petals.

중국:

It is mainly used for its medicinal properties. It is used to dye ceremony papers and cards of scholars.

일본:

Used as dye for fabrics.

한국:

Used as dye for fabrics.

제지를 위한 준비 방법

Using alum and tartar mordants allow a range of colors from blue to purple. Iron gives very dark red, almost black.

Chine:

The flowers are harvested when they are opened and are dried for later use. The dye is extracted from the petals. The petals can be used either fresh or dried.

일본:

Dyeing is performed in two ways: pulp dyeing (sukizome) or sheet dyeing (hitashizome by dipping or hikizome by brushing).

To dye paper by soaking, the sheets are plucked one by one between two wooden sticks by the small side. This will keep the sheet flat during soaking.

한국:

종이 명칭

China:

Suffixes zhi or chih = paper.

In China, unlike Korea and Japan, papers made with paper mulberry fibers are not prominent, the production of paper from bamboo fiber being the most important.

식물의 이용 부위:

Leaf

Flower

제지에서의 사용:

Dye

Langue:

English

섬유 식별 요소들

Fibre type	Bast fiber.
Average fibre lenght	5mm
Average fibre width	21μm
Fibre ends	Very variable, tapering rounded.
Striations, cross-markings, flexion creases	Faint crossmarkings.
Associated cells	Often present. Pitted vessel elements and parenchyma cells. Presence of cratered vessels larger than those of flax, but similar to hemp.
Special features	Short fibers. Irregularly shaped fiber ends and walls lumen. Looks like woodpulp (vessels) and straw pulp. Transverse shape: square or rectangular.
Herzberg staining	Blue.
Graff 'C' staining	Fiber in yellow with blue or green lumen.

Botanical classification

Hibiscus cannabinus L.

목:

Malvales

과:

Malvaceae

동의어:

Abelmoschus verrucosus (Guill. & Perr.) Walp.

Furcaria cavanillesii Kostel.

Hibiscus unidens Lindl.

Hibiscus verrucosus Guill. & Perr.

Ketmia glandulosa Moench

식물의 성장 영역

Native to Africa and India.

Cultivated in China (Guangdong, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Yunnan, Zhejiang), India, East-Asia, East Africa.

제지에서의 사용 범위

China, India, Japan, Korea.

식물 재배 및 사용에 관한 일반성

Kenaf was grown in Egypt a millennium BC for making ropes and cloth (bags, sails).

The plant is grown all over Asia, mainly as fiber crop and for its oil which is used industrially. The fibers are used in the manufacture of coarse fabrics such as carpets.

일본:

Kenaf is a modern paper fiber in Japan.

제지를 위한 준비 방법

The harvest takes place in November-December when the stem has lost its leaves.

종이 명칭

식물의 이용 부위:

Stem

제지에서의 사용:

Fiber

Langue:

English

섬유 식별 요소들

Fibre type	Bast fiber.
Average fibre lenght	5mm
Average fibre width	21μm
Fibre ends	Very variable, tapering rounded.
Striations, cross-markings, flexion creases	Faint crossmarkings.
Associated cells	Often present. Pitted vessel elements and parenchyma cells. Presence of cratered vessels larger than those of flax, but similar to hemp.
Special features	Short fibers. Irregularly shaped fiber ends and walls lumen. Looks like woodpulp (vessels) and straw pulp. Transverse shape: square or rectangular.
Herzberg staining	Blue.
Graff 'C' staining	Fiber in yellow with blue or green lumen.

Botanical classification

Hibiscus cannabinus L.

목:

Malvales

과:

Malvaceae

동의어:

Abelmoschus verrucosus (Guill. & Perr.) Walp.

Furcaria cavanillesii Kostel.

Hibiscus unidens Lindl.

Hibiscus verrucosus Guill. & Perr.

Ketmia glandulosa Moench

식물의 성장 영역

Native to Africa and India.

Cultivated in China (Guangdong, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Yunnan, Zhejiang), India, East-Asia, East Africa.

제지에서의 사용 범위

China, India, Japan, Korea.

식물 재배 및 사용에 관한 일반성

Kenaf was grown in Egypt a millennium BC for making ropes and cloth (bags, sails).

The plant is grown all over Asia, mainly as fiber crop and for its oil which is used industrially. The fibers are used in the manufacture of coarse fabrics such as carpets.

일본:

Kenaf is a modern paper fiber in Japan.

제지를 위한 준비 방법

The harvest takes place in November-December when the stem has lost its leaves.

종이 명칭

식물의 이용 부위:

Stem

제지에서의 사용:

Fiber

Langue:

English

섬유 식별 요소들

Fibre type	Bast fiber.
Average fibre lenght	5mm
Average fibre width	21μm
Fibre ends	Very variable, tapering rounded.
Striations, cross-markings, flexion creases	Faint crossmarkings.
Associated cells	Often present. Pitted vessel elements and parenchyma cells. Presence of cratered vessels larger than those of flax, but similar to hemp.
Special features	Short fibers. Irregularly shaped fiber ends and walls lumen. Looks like woodpulp (vessels) and straw pulp. Transverse shape: square or rectangular.
Herzberg staining	Blue.
Graff 'C' staining	Fiber in yellow with blue or green lumen.

Botanical classification

Hibiscus cannabinus L.

목:

Malvales

과:

Malvaceae

동의어:

Abelmoschus verrucosus (Guill. & Perr.) Walp.

Furcaria cavanillesii Kostel.

Hibiscus unidens Lindl.

Hibiscus verrucosus Guill. & Perr.

Ketmia glandulosa Moench

식물의 성장 영역

Native to Africa and India.

Cultivated in China (Guangdong, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Yunnan, Zhejiang), India, East-Asia, East Africa.

제지에서의 사용 범위

China, India, Japan, Korea.

식물 재배 및 사용에 관한 일반성

Kenaf was grown in Egypt a millennium BC for making ropes and cloth (bags, sails).

The plant is grown all over Asia, mainly as fiber crop and for its oil which is used industrially. The fibers are used in the manufacture of coarse fabrics such as carpets.

일본:

Kenaf is a modern paper fiber in Japan.

제지를 위한 준비 방법

The harvest takes place in November-December when the stem has lost its leaves.

종이 명칭

식물의 이용 부위:

Stem

제지에서의 사용:

Fiber

찾기

Primary tabs

Hibiscus cannabinus L.

Dalbergia hupeana Hance

Alcea rosea L.

Alcea rosea L.

Alcea rosea L.

Alcea rosea L.

Alcea rosea L.

Hibiscus cannabinus L.

Hibiscus cannabinus L.

Hibiscus cannabinus L.

Pages